The dose makes the poison: feeding of antibiotic-treated winter honey bees, Apis mellifera, with probiotics and b-vitamins
نویسندگان
چکیده
Abstract Honey stores of Apis mellifera colonies are replaced with sugar water by beekeepers, which may result in malnutrition. Nutritional supplements have been developed, but the importance bacterial probiotics and vitamins is poorly understood. Given that supplementary feeding enhance worker weight longevity, this might suggest a feasible approach to mitigate winter colony losses. Here, we conducted laboratory hoarding cage study freshly emerged bees, were treated antibiotic tetracycline reduce gut bacteria obtained post-emergence subsequently assigned regimes: sucrose only, + pollen, (low high dosage), pollen or b-vitamins dosage) ( N = 8 treatments, 29 workers/cage × replicates). In parallel, another age cohort bees remained on their frame (= Frame) establish microbiota fed only 2 4 The most beneficial effects body weights found workers given ad libitum access notably Frame Sucrose Pollen group, confirming inherent post-emergent flora inoculation role protein digestion. Furthermore, both groups antibiotic-treated probiotic low survived longer than all other groups, highlighting fundamental host-microbial relationship. On hand, our current treatments alone, post-tetracycline, did not yield any positive results. contrast, dosages significantly reduced lifespan compared concentration counterparts, probably due dysbiosis toxicity, suggesting outcome was dose-dependent. These results highlight b-vitamin supplementation can alter longevity advisable caution since harmful concentrations appear exist.
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Apidologie
سال: 2022
ISSN: ['0044-8435', '1297-9678']
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13592-022-00927-4